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初探农村税费改革中存在的问题及对策/林万

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初探农村税费改革中存在的问题及对策

林万 张丽霞


农民负担问题是党中央、国务院历来十分重视的问题,为切实减轻农民负担,党中央、国务院于2000年3月2日在全国范围内进行农村税费改革试点工作,将原有过多过滥的各种不合法收费强行予以取消;一改过去管理失控的状况,将那些符合国家法律、法规和行政规章政策规定的农民合法负担,改革为税收的方式依法予以征收。试点实践证明:农村税费改革是党中央、国务院在农业发展新阶段为加强农业基础、保护农民利益、维护农村稳定作出的重大决策。也正是江泽民同志“三个代表”重要思想在农村工作中的具体体现, 对我国农村的长期稳定发展,农业现代化建设事业和全面推进农村小康建设,以及农村民主法制建设,都将产生深远的影响。但是,任何新生事物的产生发展,都将伴随着对旧的体制的斗争。因此,税费改革,给人们带来成功喜悦的同时,也给人们带来了新的思考。笔者所在的地区处于我国川南“鱼米之乡”的泸州市纳溪区, 也属我国典型的丘陵农业地区, 全区243个行政村,1844个农业生产合作社,农业人口384276人,106498 个农业纳税户。该区于2002年全面进行了农村费改税工作,费改税前不含投劳折资的负担为人均76元,费改税后人均45元。农村实施税费改革以后,农民的负担切实减轻了,农民得到了实惠,绝大部分农民对党中央、国务院的税费改革工作是拥护和支持的。但是,据地方税务部门统计显示,费改税前所欠税数额为212万元,费改税后仍有部分农民拒交农税,单就2002年全区欠税额为142.4 万元。对于费改税前欠税的问题,本文不作研究,费改税后仍然出现欠交、拒交农税的问题,就不得不引起注意,其原因如何,有何良策?笔者试就存在的这一问题作如下分析:
一、欠交、拒交的原因
农村税费工作涉及面广,政策性强,欠交、拒交的问题涉及到方方面面的原因,笔者对所在辖区的十六个乡镇,160个农户进行了实名或问卷调查,归纳起来,有这样几种原因:
(一)法制观念淡薄,对费改前欠费与费改后欠税的区别不清。由于改革前欠款的农户,一直未受到任何制裁,欠款户认为原来不交都可以,改革以后仍然不交何尚不可,因而我行我素,仍然采取拖欠或拒交的方式对待。殊不知这种行为是拒不履行法定纳税义务的违法行为,偷税、漏税、抗税的违法行为所承担的责任与费改税前的欠款行为所承担的责任是截然不同的,但全区这样的欠款户约占25%。
(二)互相攀比,好滞后。改革后部分欠税户持观望的态度,认为“他人旧欠不清,自己新税不交”无关紧要,这样的欠款户约占50%,而其中约15%的欠款户还是税改前交清了的,税改后看到别的欠税户过去和现在未交都能过关,自己才跟着拖欠、拒交。
(三)借题发挥,附条件纳税。部分农户认为自己与他人的纠纷未得到解决,由此而拖欠拒交的欠税户约占10%。
(四)工作失误、民心不顺。这种情况多系计税面积与实际面积不一致所造成。中央规定,费改税后的计税面积以第二轮承包实际用于农业生产的面积为计税依据,而在第二轮承包土地时,有的实行丈量亩分配,有的仍实行习惯亩分配,分配的标准不统一等,由此造成纠纷,部分社员因而拖欠拒交。
(五)纳税人不知情,或委托代理手续未完善。如纳税农户举家外出,田土无人耕种,因而无人代交农税。由于本地区农业生产投入产出效益较低,政府鼓励农民参加劳务输出,外出务工者众多。据不完全统计,全区约有八万四千多人外出务工经商,由此导致个别农户田土无人耕种、抛荒,税费无人代交。
(六)农税减免工作滞后。按照《四川省农业税征收管理暂行办法》规定,对农村特困户、革命烈士军属、在乡的革命伤残军人、残疾人、五保户、因生活贫困或者缺乏劳动力而纳税确有困难的,经批准可以减征或免征,实行先减后征,对遭受灾害的实行减征或者免征,实行即灾即减即免的办法,但在实施费改税工作时,没有将减免工作及时落实到位,导致部分农户拖欠、拒交。
(七)趁机煽动,破坏改革。个别农户断章取义、歪曲中央政策,四处串联、造谣生事,对抗国家税收法规,造成相当一部份农户不明真象,误听误信,随波逐流,拖欠或拒绝交纳农税。如:本区护国镇沙田村的刘某和丰乐镇罗东村的陈某等人,从1998年起就拒交农税、提留、统筹款,且经常利用赶集的日子,在茶馆、酒店聚集,将自己栓改、剪辑后的“中央文件”予以散布,负面影响相当大。
二、税改前法律法规对农民承担义务的规定
(一)国家宪法、基本法对农民承担义务的规定
我国《宪法》第42 条规定:“中华人民共和国公民有劳动的权利义务”, 第53条规定:“中华人民共和国公民必须遵守法律和劳动纪律及社会公德”,第56条规定:“中华人民共和国公民有依照法律规定交纳税的义务”。从上述宪法条文规定的内容理解,劳动既是农民的权利也是农民的义务,农民所缴纳的农税是依附于耕作土地所产生的纳税义务。提留、统筹及义务工积累工是农民应当履行的社会公益性义务。同时,我国《农业法》第16条规定:“农民依法缴纳税款,依法缴纳村集体提留和乡统筹费,依法承担农村义务工和劳动积累工”。由此,我国最高法律效力的宪法和国家基本法都作出了明确规定,农民缴纳农税、提留、统筹费和承担义务工、劳动积累工是应尽的义务。既然是义务就不得放弃和推卸。
(二)《四川省农民负担管理条例》对农民承担义务的规定
《四川省农民负担管理条例》(以下简称条例)第8条规定:“农民除依法交纳税金、完成农产品定购任务外、依照本条例上交集体提留和统筹费,承担一定数量的劳动是应尽的义务,应当积极履行。”同时,该《条例》第9条、第10条、第11条规定,农民交纳的提留主要用于农田水利基本建设,用于“五保户”供养等集体福利事业;统筹费主要用于乡、村中小学危房维修、改造及其他办学经费,同时用于计生、优抚、交通、广播、卫生、文化等民办公助事业。《条例》第13条、第15条规定“为农村的植树造林、防汛抢险、公路建勤、修缮校舍及农田水利基本建设,农村劳动力应承担义务工和劳动积累工......”。该《条例》作为国家的地方行政法规,乡(镇)人民政府就有权依照该《条例》的规定予以执行。《条例》第33条、第35条规定,对无故拒不履行法定义务的,限期履行。逾期拒不履行的,每日加收相当于应交提留、统筹费总和的千分之二的滞纳金,当事人对行政处罚决定,期满不申请复议、不起诉又不履行的,由作出处罚决定的机关申请人民法院强制执行。
三、税改后法律、法规对农民承担义务的规定
农村税费改革的主要内容是:取消乡统筹费,农村教育集资等专门面向农民征收的行政事业性收费和政府性基金、集资;取消屠宰税;取消统一规定的劳动积累工和义务工;调整农业税和农业特产税政策;改革村提留征收使用办法。即就是对过去收费过多过滥、管理失控的状况,结合国家税收制度予以改革和完善,由税收政策,按农业税及其附加予以调整。也就是说,对农民负担不能采取再收费的形式,而只能按照税收政策及法律规定予以依法征收。因此,农民的义务就是依法纳税。按照我国《税法》规定,负有纳税义务的单位和个人均为纳税人。纳税人必须在法律、行政法规规定的期限内自动履行纳税义务。如有特殊困难不能交纳或不能按期交纳的,应当向税务机关书面申请减税或免税,减交、免交或缓交须经县级以上税务机关批准。纳税人未按规定缴纳,可从滞纳税款之日起按日加收滞纳税款2‰的滞纳金,因纳税人未缴或少缴税款的,税务机关在3年内可以追征,特殊情况还可延长到10年,并可追收滞纳金。纳税人同税务机关在纳税上发生争议时,必须先缴纳税款及滞纳金,然后由税务机关予以处罚,当事人对税务机关的处罚决定不服的,可以在接到处罚通知之日起15日向作出处罚决定机关的上一级机关申请复议;对复议决定不服的,可以在接到复议决定之日起15日内向人民法院起诉......。当事人对税务机关的处罚决定逾期不申请复议,也不向人民法院起诉,又不履行的,作出处罚决定的税务机关可以申请人民法院强制执行。同时,我国《刑法》第203 条规定:“欠税人采取转移或者隐匿财产的手段,致使税务机关无法追缴的税款,数额在一万元以上的行为,处3年以下有期徒刑并处1倍至5倍的罚金......”。第202条规定,纳税人以暴力、威胁方法拒不缴纳税款的行为,处3年以下有期徒刑或拘役,并处1倍至5倍的罚金......。我国《行政诉讼法》第66条规定:“公民、法人或其他组织对具体行政行为在法定期限内不提起诉讼,又不履行的,行政机关可以申请人民法院强制执行。”据此,对欠交税款的行为依法予以追收的法律依据是充分的。
四、对清欠工作的几点建议
近年来,我国少数不发达地区,由于部分农户拒绝交纳农税、提留、统筹,严重制约着乡(镇)政府和村一级机构的正常运转,个别地方已形成恶性循环,原来不欠款的农户,眼看自己身边的欠款户都能了事,反而自己都拒绝交纳而成为欠款户了。这样的恶性循环若不根治,必将导致更为严重的后果发生。如何妥善处理这些税费尾欠问题呢?按照国务院农村税费改革工作的有关规定,对农民拖欠的合理承担的税费应当予以清欠,但要遵循以下原则:一是过去从宽,今后从严;欠费从宽,欠税从严。一般只能清理有关农业税收及村提留和乡统筹费,对不合法、不合理的欠费不能追缴;二是要分析欠款的原因,区别情况,分别对待。宣传和发动依靠群众,贯彻国家税费减免政策,该减免的予以减免;三是要制定清欠计划,根据清欠数额和农民的承受能力,分期、分批清缴,不得突击清欠,不得搞一刀切,更不得让政法干警混编参与;四是对所清欠款应按原上交渠道分别处理,不得随意挪用。为此,笔者认为,清欠工作可围绕这样几个方面开展进行。第一、对现有所欠税费,以当地农村费改税时间划线统一进行清理,对税改前存在不合理、不合法的费用坚决予以废除(取缔),不再清收,并予以公开公布、“割断脚筋”,以免让别的农户误认为还未交清。第二、对符合减、免税费规定的农户,依照法定程序,本人出具书面申请,经当地本社社员讨论,按照逐级审批的原则,由县级主管部门批准减或免,并予以公告。第三、对计税面积有争议的,切实进行清理,对个别户争议较大的,可以进行实际测量,以测量的实际面积作为计税依据,切实杜绝不必要的纠纷发生。第四、加大对乡(镇)村、社干部的培训,提高他们的化解纠纷能力,对本地区尚存纠纷统一进行清理、分类梳理,该解决的及时解决,不能解决的告知其解决途径,使干部和群众均从纠纷中解脱出来,并同时告知农户,有纠纷需要解决与履行纳税义务之间的关系,二者不能混为一谈,通过耐心、细致的政治思想工作和宣传教育,排除一切对立因素。第五、对举家外出的农村承包经营户的承包地,可以要求承包人定期提出委托代理手续后由村委会(或村民代表)代理,采取招、投标的方式,在一定期限内发包给他人经营,落实纳税义务,确保国家税费的正常征收。第六、对改革前所欠的税费,可分农税和合理费用(提留、统筹、以资代劳款等)两项,分别由地税部门和农业行政主管部门予以调查处理,组织清收,即:农户所欠农税,由地税部门组织清理以后,依照《税法》和《四川省农业税征收管理暂行办法》的规定作出限期履行及逾期履行法律责任的书面处罚决定,对欠税数额较大,构成犯罪的,依法移交司法机关处理。对于欠费的农户,可由乡、镇人民政府依照《四川省农民负担管理条理》规定的权限和程序,依法作出处罚决定。当事人对处罚决定不服的,可以申请复议或提起行政诉讼。对生效的处罚决定,当事人拒不履行的,分别由作出处罚决定的行政机关组织执行或申请人民法院强制执行。第七,对税改后拖欠的税款,由地税部门组织清理,符合减、免、缓的农户,依照法定程序,由县级地税机关批准缓、减、免。对无理拖欠拒交的农户,直接依照《税法》和《四川省农业税征收管理暂行办法》的规定作出限期履行及逾期履行法律责任的书面处罚决定,对欠税数额较大,构成犯罪的,依法移交司法机关处理。对生效的处罚决定,依法组织执行或申请人民法院强制执行。第八、对于个别造谣生事,断章取义,煽动闹事的违法犯罪分子或个别“钉子户”,必须坚决予以强制执行,并可另行依照《中华人民共和国治安处罚条例》的规定予以处罚;对于构成犯罪的,依法追究其刑事责任。第九、大力倡导和发挥《村民委员会组织法》的作用,让村民自治落到实处,防止费税改革工作的反弹,杜绝部门采取其他措施变相收费,同时,督促村民自觉履行法定义务。确保农村税费改革工作稳步发展,维护农民利益,激发和调动农民的生产积极性,进一步推动全国农村税费改革工作的全面开展,发展农业基础,维护农村稳定,极尽全力维护全社会的综合稳定、确保全面建设小康社会的全面发展。



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中华人民共和国测绘成果管理规定(附英文)

国务院


中华人民共和国测绘成果管理规定(附英文)

(1989年3月21日中华人民共和国国务院令第32号公布 自1989年5月1日起施行)

规定
第一条 为加强对则绘成果的管理,保证测绘成果的合理利用,提高测绘工作的经济效益和社会效益,更好地为社会主义现代化建设服务,制定本规定。
第二条 本规定所称测绘成果,是指在陆地、海洋和空间测绘完成的下列基础测绘成果和专业测绘成果:
(一)天文测量、大地测量、卫星大地测量、重力测量的数据和图件;
(二)航空和航天遥感测绘底片、磁带;
(三)各种地图(包括地形图、普通地图、地籍图、海图和其他有关的专题地图等);
(四)工程测量数据和图件;
(五)其他有关地理数据;
(六)与测绘成果直接有关的技术资料等。
第三条 国务院测绘行政主管部门主管全国测绘成果的管理和监督工作,并负责组织全国基础测绘成果及其有关专业测绘成果的接收、搜集、整理、储存和提供使用。
省、自治区、直辖市人民政府测绘行政主管部门主管本行政区域内测绘成果的管理和监督工作,并负责组织本行政区域内基础测绘成果以及有关专业测绘成果的接收、搜集、整理、储存和提供使用。
国务院有关部门和省、自治区、直辖市人民政府有关部门负责本部门专业测绘成果的管理工作。
军队测绘主管部门负责军事部门测绘成果的管理工作。
第四条 测绘成果应当实行科学管理,建立健全规章制度,运用现代科学技术手段,及时、准确、安全、方便地提供使用。
第五条 测绘成果应当根据公开(公开使用、公开出版)和未公开(内部使用、保密)的不同性质,按照国家有关规定进行管理。
第六条 基础测绘成果保密等级的划分、调整和解密,经国务院测绘行政主管部门会同军队测绘主管部门商国家及军队保密主管部门决定后,由国务院测绘行政主管部门发布。
专业测绘成果保密等级的划分、调整和解密,由有关专业测绘成果管理部门确定,并报同级测绘行政主管部门备案;其密级不得低于原使用的地理底图和其他基础测绘成果的密级。
各部门、各单位使用保密测绘成果,必须按照国家保密法规进行管理。保密测绘成果确需公开使用的,必须按照国家规定进行解密处理。
保密测绘成果的销毁,应当经测绘成果使用单位的县级以上主管部门负责人批准,严格进行登记、造册和监销,并向提供该成果的管理机构备案。
第七条 国务院有关部门和地方有关部门完成的基础测绘成果以及有关专业测绘成果,必须依照规定按年度分别向国务院测绘行政主管部门或者省、自治区、直辖市人民政府测绘行政主管部门汇交下列成果目录或者副本:
(一)天文测量、大地测量、卫星大地测量、重力测量的数据和图件的目录及副本(一式一份);
(二)航空、航天遥感测绘底片和磁带的目录(一式一份);
(三)地形图、普通地图、地籍图、海图、其他重要专题地图的目录(一式一份);
(四)正式印制的各种地图(一式两份);
(五)有关重大工程测量的数据和图件目录(一式一份)。
第八条 外国人经中华人民共和国政府或者其授权部门批准,在中华人民共和国境内及境外属中华人民共和国管辖海域内单独测绘或者与中华人民共和国有关部门合作测绘的成果,依据本规定进行管理,其成果的所有权属分别为:
(一)外国人或者外国人与中华人民共和国有关部门合作在中华人民共和国境内测制的测绘成果,均属中华人民共和国所有;
(二)外国人与中华人民共和国有关部门合作在中华人民共和国境外属中华人民共和国管辖海域内测制的测绘成果,应当在不违反本规定的前提下,由双方按合同规定分享;
(三)外国人在中华人民共各国境外属中华人民共和国管辖海域内测制的测绘成果,必须向中华人民共和国测绘行政主管部门提供全部测绘成果的副本或者复制件。
第九条 需要使用其他省、自治区、直辖市的基础测绘成果的单位,必须持本省、自治区、直辖市人民政府测绘行政主管部门的公函,向该成果所在省、自治区、直辖市的测绘行政主管部门办理使用手续。
需要使用其他省、自治区、直辖市专业测绘成果的单位,按专业成果所属部门规定的办法执行。
第十条 军事部门需要使用政府部门测绘成果的,由总参谋部测绘主管部门或者大军区、军兵种测绘主管部门,通过国务院测绘行政主管部门或者省、自治区、直辖市人民政府测绘行政主管部门统一办理。
政府部门或者单位需要使用军事部门测绘成果的,由国务院测绘行政主管部门或者省、自治区、直辖市人民政府测绘行政主管部门,通过总参谋部测绘主管部门或者大军区、军兵种测绘主管部门统一办理。
第十一条 测绘行政主管部门应当对本行政区域内测制的测绘成果负责质量监督管理。
各有关部门和单位测制的测绘成果,必须经过检查验收,质量合格后方能提供使用。
第十二条 测绘成果实行有偿提供。有偿提供测绘成果的办法和收费标准由国务院测绘行政主管部门商有关测绘成果的管理部门后,会同国务院物价行政主管部门另行规定。
第十三条 测绘成果不得擅自复制、转让或者转借。确需复制、转让或者转借测绘成果的,必须经提供该测绘成果的部门批准;复制保密的测绘成果,还必须按照原密级管理。
受委托完成的测绘成果,受托单位未经委托单位同意不得复制、翻印、转让、出版。
第十四条 国务院有关部门对外提供中华人民共和国未公开的测绘成果,必须报经国务院测绘行政主管部门批准。地方有关部门和单位对外提供中华人民共和国未公开的测绘成果,必须报经省、自治区、直辖市人民政府测绘行政主管部门批准。为了确保重要军事设施的安全保密,各送
审单位对外提供未公开的测绘成果的具体办法,按国务院的有关规定执行。
第十五条 中华人民共和国境内及境外属中华人民共和国管辖海域内的重要地理数据(包括位置、高程、深度、面积、长度等),应当经国务院测绘行政主管部门审核报国务院批准后,由国务院或者其授权部门发布。
第十六条 对测绘成果管理做出重大贡献或者显著成绩的单位和个人,予以表扬或者奖励。
第十七条 测绘成果质量不合格给用户造成损失的,由该测绘成果的测绘单位赔偿直接经济损失,并负责补测或者重测;情节严重的,由测绘行政主管部门处以罚款或者取消其相应的测绘资格。
第十八条 有下列行为之一的单位,按以下规定,给予行政处罚:
(一)对违反国家规定的测绘成果收费标准,擅自提价收取测绘成果费用的,依照《中华人民共和国价格管理条例》的规定没收其非法所得,可以并处相当于非法所得金额三至五倍的罚款;
(二)对发生重大测绘成果泄密事故的,由测绘行政主管部门给予通报批评,并按本规定第十九条规定追究单位负责人的责任。
(三)对未经提供测绘成果的部门批准,擅自复制、转让或者转借测绘成果的,由测绘行政主管部门给予通报批评,可以并处罚款。
第十九条 有下列行为之一的个人,由其所在单位或者该单位的上级主管机关给予行政处分;构成犯罪的,由司法机关依法追究刑事责任:
(一)丢失保密测绘成果,或者造成测绘成果泄密事故的;
(二)未按本规定第十四条规定履行报批手续,擅自对外提供未公开的测绘成果的;
(三)测绘成果管理人员不履行职责,致使测绘成果遭受重大损失,或者擅自提供未公开的测绘成果的;
(四)测绘成果丢失或者泄密造成严重后果以及对造成测绘成果丢失或者泄密事故不查处的单位负责人。
第二十条 当事人对行政处罚决定不服的,可以在接到处罚通知次日起十五日内,向作出处罚决定部门的上级行政主管部门申请复议;对复议决定不服的,可以在接到复议决定次日起十五日内,向人民法院起诉;当事人也可以在接到处罚通知次日起十五日内,直接向人民法院起诉,期满不起诉又不执行的,由作出处罚决定的行政主管部门申请人民法院强制执行。
第二十一条 省、自治区、直辖市人民政府,国务院有关部门和军队,可以依照本规定结合实际制定实施办法。
第二十二条 本规定由国务院测绘行政主管部门负责解释。
第二十三条 本规定自1989年5月1日起施行。

PROVISIONS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA CONCERNING THE AD-MINISTRATION OF ACHIEVEMENTS IN SURVEY AND DRAWING

Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民
共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.

Whole Document (法规全文)
PROVISIONS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA CONCERNING THE AD-
MINISTRATION OF ACHIEVEMENTS IN SURVEY AND DRAWING
(Promulgated by Decree No. 32 of the State Council of the People's
Republic of China on March 21, 1989 and effective as of May 1, 1989)
Article 1
These Provisions are formulated with a view to strengthening the
administration of achievements in survey and drawing, ensuring the
rational use of achievements in survey and drawing, and increasing the
economic and social benefits of survey and drawing so as to render a
better service in socialist modernization.
Article 2
The "achievements in survey and drawing", as mentioned in these
Provisions, refer to the following achievements in basic survey and
drawing and in specialized survey and drawing that are completed on land,
at seas and oceans, and in space:
(1) the data and pictures from astronomical survey, geodetic survey,
geodetic survey completed on artificial satellites, and gravitational
survey;
(2) the data, recorded on negatives and magnetic tapes, that are collected
from aerial survey and airborne remote sensing survey;
(3) various kinds of maps (including topographic maps, ordinary maps, land
registry maps, sea charts, and other relevant specialized maps);
(4) the data and pictures from engineering survey;
(5) other relevant geographical data; and
(6) technical data directly related to achievements in survey and drawing.
Article 3
The competent authorities for the administration of survey and drawing
under the State Council shall be in charge of the administration of and
supervision over the achievements in survey and drawing of the whole
country, and shall also be responsible for the organizational work for the
reception, collection, sorting out, storage, and provision for use, on a
nationwide scale, of the achievements in basic survey and drawing and the
relevant achievements in specialized survey and drawing. The competent
authorities for the administration of survey and drawing under the
people's governments of various provinces, autonomous regions, and
municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be in charge of
the administration of and supervision over the achievements in survey and
drawing within their respective administrative areas, and shall also be
responsible for the organizational work for the reception, collection,
sorting out, storage, and provision for use, within their respective
administrative areas, of the achievements in basic survey and drawing and
the relevant achievements in specialized survey and drawing.
The departments concerned under the State Council and the departments
concerned under the People's governments of various provinces, autonomous
regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be
responsible for the administration of the achievements in specialized
survey and drawing of their respective departments. The competent
authorities for the administration of survey and drawing in the armed
forces shall be responsible for the administration of the achievements in
survey and drawing in military departments.
Article 4
With respect to achievements in survey and drawing, scientific
administration shall be practised, rules and regulations be instituted and
perfected and modern scientific and technical means be employed so as to
provide the achievements for timely, accurate, safe and convenient use.
Article 5
The achievements in survey and drawing shall, in light of their different
natures-those open to the public (i.e. to be openly used, or openly
published), and those kept from the public (i.e. to be used only within
restricted departments, or kept confidential), be administered in
accordance with the relevant regulations of the State.
Article 6
The security classification, readjustment, and declassification of
achievements in basic survey and drawing shall be promulgated by the
competent authorities for the administration of survey and drawing under
the State Council after the competent authorities for the administration
of survey and drawing under the State Council and the competent
authorities for the administration of survey and drawing in the armed
forces have jointly consulted with the competent authorities for guarding
secrets of both the State and the armed forces.
The security classification, readjustment, and declassification of
achievements in specialized survey and drawing shall be determined by the
department concerned for the administration of achievements in specialized
survey and drawing and they shall also be reported to the competent
authorities for the administration of survey and drawing at the same level
for the record; and their classes of security shall not be lower than
those of the originally used geographical base maps and of other
achievements in basic survey and drawing.
Various departments and units must, in using classified achievements in
survey and drawing, carry out administration in accordance with the
relevant laws and regulations of the State on guarding secrets. In the
event that classified achievements in survey and drawing have to be used
openly, they must go through the process of declassification in accordance
with the relevant regulations of the State.
The destruction of classified achievements in survey and drawing shall be
approved by the person in charge of the competent authorities at or above
the county level of the user unit of the said achievements in survey and
drawing. The classified achievements in survey and drawing to be destroyed
shall be duly registered and recorded, and then destroyed under
supervision; and the destruction shall also be reported, for the record,
to the administrative department that had provided the said achievements.
Article 7
With respect to the achievements in basic survey and drawing and the
relevant achievements in specialized survey and drawing made by the
departments concerned under the State Council and by the local departments
concerned, the departments mentioned above must submit annually, in
accordance with pertinent provisions, to the competent authorities for the
administration of survey and drawing under the State Council or to the
competent authorities for the administration of survey and drawing under
the people's governments of various provinces, autonomous regions, and
municipalities directly under the Central Government, a catalogue or its
duplicate listing the following achievements:
(1) a catalogue and its duplicate (one copy of each) of the data and
pictures from astronomical survey, geodetic survey, geodetic survey
completed on artificial satellites, and gravitational survey;
(2) a catalogue (one copy) of the data, recorded on negatives and magnetic
tapes, that are collected from aerial survey and airborne remote sensing
survey;
(3) a catalogue (one copy) of topographic maps, ordinary maps, land
registry maps, sea charts, and other important specialized maps;
(4) various kinds of officially printed maps (in duplicate);
(5) a catalogue (one copy) of the data and pictures collected from survey
of important engineering projects.
Article 8
The achievements - made in survey and drawing by foreigners independently
or in cooperation with the departments concerned of the People's Republic
of China, within the territory of the People's Republic of China, or
outside the land territory of China, in the sea areas that are under the
jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China, with the approval of the
government of the People's Republic of China or the approval of a
department authorized by it - shall be administered in accordance with
these Provisions. The proprietary rights of the aforesaid achievements
are stipulated as follows:
(1) the achievements made in survey and drawing by foreigners
independently or in cooperation with the departments concerned of the
People's Republic of China within the territory of the People's Republic
of China shall all belong to the People's Republic of China;
(2) the achievements made in survey and drawing by foreigners in
cooperation with the departments concerned of the People's Republic of
China, outside the land territory of China, in the sea areas under the
jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China shall, on the premise of
not violating these Provisions, be shared between the two parties
concerned in accordance with the stipulations in the relevant contract;
(3) with respect to those achievements made in survey and drawing by
foreigners independently outside the land territory of the People's
Republic of China, in the sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's
Republic of China, the aforesaid foreigners must provide the competent
authorities for the administration of survey and drawing of the People's
Republic of China with a duplicate or a reproduction of all the
achievements made in their survey and drawing.
Article 9
Where a unit has the necessity to make use of the achievements in basic
survey and drawing made by other provinces, autonomous regions, or
municipalities directly under the Central Government, the said unit shall
go through the procedures for the use of the aforesaid achievements in
survey and drawing by presenting an official letter written by the
competent authorities for the administration of achievements in survey and
drawing of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under
the Central Government where the unit is located, to the competent
authorities for the administration of achievements in survey and drawing
of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the
Central Government where the achievements have been made.
Where a unit has the necessity to make use of the achievements in
specialized survey and drawing of other provinces, autonomous regions, and
municipalities directly under the Central Government, the case shall be
handled in accordance with the procedures stipulated by the department,
under whose administration the aforesaid achievements in specialized
survey and drawing are placed.
Article 10
Where a military department has the necessity to make use of the
achievements in survey and drawing made by government departments, the
case shall be handled in a unified manner by the competent authorities for
the administration of achievements in survey and drawing under the
Headquarters of the General Staff, or by the competent authorities for the
administration of achievements in survey and drawing under military region
or the services, in cooperation with the competent authorities for the
administration of achievements in survey and drawing under the people's
governments of the various provinces, autonomous regions, and
municipalities directly under the Central Government. Where a government
department or a unit has the necessity to make use of the achievements in
survey and drawing made by military departments, the case shall be handled
by the competent authorities for the administration of achievements in
survey and drawing under the State Council, or by the competent
authorities for the administration of achievements in survey and drawing
under the people's governments of the various provinces, autonomous
regions, or municipalities directly under Central Government, in
cooperation with the competent authorities for the administration of
achievements in survey and drawing under the Headquarters of the General
Staff, or with the competent authorities for the administration of
achievements in survey and drawing under military region or the services.
Article 11
The competent authorities for the administration of achievements in survey
and drawing shall be responsible for the quality control and
administration of the achievements in survey and drawing made within the
boundaries of their own administrative areas. The achievements in survey
and drawing made by the various departments and units concerned must be
subject to the procedures for checking up and acceptance; and only those
which are up to the standard shall be provided for use.
Article 12
The provisions of achievements in survey and drawing shall be non-
gratuitous. The procedures and the rate of fees for the non-gratuitous
provision of achievements in survey and drawing shall be stipulated
separately, after consultation with the administrative department for the
achievements in survey and drawing in question, by the competent
authorities for the administration of achievements in survey and drawing
under the State Council in conjunction with the competent authorities for
the administration of commodity prices.
Article 13
Achievements in survey and drawing shall not be duplicated, transferred or
lent out without permission. Where it is truly necessary to duplicate,
transfer or lend out achievements in survey and drawing, the approval from
the department that is to provide the needed achievements in survey and
drawing must be obtained; where the classified achievements in survey and
drawing are duplicated, they must be subjected to the administration
corresponding to the original security class.
As regards achievements in survey and drawing made through entrustment by
unit, the trustee unit may not duplicate, reprint, transfer, or publish
the said achievements without the permission of the entrusting unit.
Article 14
When a department concerned under the State Council provides a foreign
party with achievements in survey and drawing of the People's Republic of
China that have not yet become open, the said department must submit the
case, for approval, to the competent authorities for the administration of
achievements in survey and drawing. When a local department or unit
concerned provides a foreign party with achievements in survey and drawing
of the People's Republic of China that have not yet become open, the said
department or unit must submit the case, for approval, to the competent
authorities for the administration of achievements in survey and drawing
under the people's government of a province, an autonomous region, or a
municipality directly under the Central Government. In order to safeguard
the security and secrets of important military installations, the specific
measures for all units which submit for examinations any achievements in
survey and drawing to be provided for the use of a foreign party and that
have not yet become open shall comply with the pertinent provisions of the
State Council.
Article 15
The important geographical data (including position, altitude, depth,
area, and length) collected in the territory of the People's Republic of
China and in the sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic
of China, shall be submitted, for examination and verification, to the
competent authorities for the administration of achievements in survey and
drawing under the State Council, and then to the State Council for
approval before they are published by the State Council or by its
authorized agencies.
Article 16
Units and individuals that have made great contributions to, or achieved
remarkable results in, the administration of achievements in survey and
drawing shall be commended or rewarded.
Article 17
If the inferior quality of the achievements in survey and drawing has
resulted in losses on the part of the user, the unit that has undertaken
the said survey and drawing shall compensate for the direct economic
losses mentioned above, and be responsible for conducting supplementary
survey and drawing; if the case is serious, the competent authorities for
the administration of achievements in survey and drawing shall impose a
fine on the said unit or revoke its corresponding qualifications for
survey and drawing.
Article 18
Any unit that has committed one of the following acts shall be given
administrative sanctions in accordance with the following provisions:
(1) with respect to a unit which, in violation of the state provisions on
the rate of fees for the provision of achievements in survey and drawing,
has raised and collected without authorization the charges for
achievements in survey and drawing, the illegal gains of the said unit
shall be confiscated in accordance with the provisions of the Regulations
of the People's Republic of China on the Control of Prices, and a fine
equal to 3 to 5 times the said illegal gains may be imposed concurrently;
(2) with respect to a unit which has been held responsible for a major
divulgence of classified achievements in survey and drawing, the competent
authorities for the administration of achievements in survey and drawing
shall issue a circular criticizing the said unit, and the responsibilities
of the person-in-charge of the said unit shall be investigated in
accordance with the provisions of Article 19 of these Provisions;
(3) with respect to a unit which has duplicated, transferred, or lent out
achievements in survey and drawing without the approval from the
department that provides the said achievements, the competent authorities
for the administration of achievements in survey and drawing shall issue a
circular criticizing the said unit, and a fine may also be imposed
concurrently.
Article 19
An individual who has committed any of the following acts shall be given
administrative sanction by the unit where he/she works, or by its higher
competent authorities; if the act has constituted a crime, the criminal
responsibilities of the offender shall be investigated by judicial organs
according to law:
(1) an individual who has lost classified achievements in survey and
drawing, or who is held responsible for the divulgence of secret
achievements in survey and drawing;
(2) an individual who, in violation of the stipulation in Article 14 of
these Provisions regarding the procedures for examination and approval,
has provided without permission a foreign party with achievements in
survey and drawing that have not yet become open;
(3) the administrative personnel who have failed to carry out their duties
in safeguarding achievements in survey and drawing and caused great losses
or damage to the achievements in survey and drawing; or they have
provided, without permission, those achievements that have not yet become
open;
(4) an individual who has lost achievements in survey and drawing or
divulged secrets in this regard and caused serious consequences, and the
person-in-charge of the unit who fails to investigate and deal with such
incidents.
Article 20
If a party concerned refuses to accept the decision on administrative
sanction, he/she may, within 15 days from the next day of the receipt of
the notification on the administrative sanction, apply for reconsideration
to the competent administrative department at a higher level than the
department that has made the said administrative sanction; if the said
party does not accept the decision made after the reconsideration, he/she
may, within 15 days from the next day of the receipt of the
reconsideration decision, bring a suit before a people's court; the party
concerned may also directly bring a suit before a people's court within 15
days beginning from the second day of the receipt of the sanction
decision; if the party concerned neither brings a suit before the court,
nor carries out the sanction decision, the competent administrative
department that made the sanction decision shall apply to the people's
court for compulsory enforcement.
Article 21
The people's governments of the provinces, autonomous regions, and
municipalities directly under the Central Government, the departments
concerned under the State Council, and the armed forces may formulate
rules for the implementation of these Provisions in accordance with these
Provisions and in the light of their respective conditions.
Article 22
The rights to interpret these Provisions shall reside in the competent
authorities for the administration of survey and drawing under the State
Council.
Article 23
These Provisions shall go into effect on May 1, 1989.


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内蒙古自治区呼伦贝尔市人民政府办公厅


关于印发呼伦贝尔市行政服务中心收费管理办法的通知



呼政办发[2003]41号

各旗市区人民政府,市政府各部门,驻呼伦贝尔市各单位: 现将《呼伦贝尔市行政服务中心收费管理办法》印发给你们,请遵照执行。 二○○三年六月十七日
呼伦贝尔市行政服务中心收费管理办法
第一条 为加强市行政服务中心(以下简称“中心”)行政事业收费的管理,维护国家利益,保护公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益,制止乱收费,提高办事效率,根据国家有关规定,结合我市实际,制订本办法。 第二条 本办法所称收费,是指进入“中心”、办理行政审批事项所涉及的行政事业性收费项目。 第三条 凡进入“中心”的部门和单位涉及的收费项目必须在“中心”办理,对仍在原单位自行收费的,按违规处理。 第四条 凡在“中心”内有行政审批和收费活动的国家机关、事业单位(以下简称“执收单位”)适用本办法。 第五条 进入“中心”的收费必须严格按国家、自治区规定的项目依据、标准与范围进行收费,不得擅自扩大收费范围、提高或降低收费标准。 第六条 收费项目及标准的变更,必须经过市财政局、物价工商局审核。 第七条 “中心”的收费实行政务公开,公开收费项目、收费依据、收费标准、执收单位、收费对象。 第八条 进入“中心”的行政事业性收费要实行“收支两条线”管理,其收费要全额通过市行政服务中心管理委员会办公室指定的商业银行设立的收费窗口,缴入市财政专户,各执收单位不得擅自设立过渡帐户。商业银行的指定,按照择优的原则,实行动态管理。收费窗口及相应收费缴交和划转的日常管理工作由市财政局负责。 第九条 进入“中心”的收费实行“票款分离”的管理方式,即缴款人到指定的收费窗口缴款;执收单位凭银行窗口加盖收讫章的“进帐单”,为缴款人开具财政监制的收费票据。 第十条 执收单位在领用收费票据时须凭具《票据领购证》向财政部门领票据。收费票据的结报和缴销等业务由各执收单位财务部门统一到财政部门办理相关业务。 第十一条 办理收费缴交划转业务的商业银行应根据市政府对行政审批及缴费管理要求,提供优质服务,保证各项资金的安全,确保行政服务中心‘‘收支两条线”管理工作的顺利实施。 第十二条 本办法从发布之日起执行,由市行政服务中心管理委员会办公室、财政局负责解释。